Abstract
BackgroundThe transient rise in blood lipids following a high-fat meal (HFM), known as postprandial lipemia, is linked to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease, but can be blunted by exercise. However, minimal research has investigated the effects of realistic exercise bouts on postprandial lipemia and inflammation in at-risk individuals. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise lasting 30 or 60 min performed the evening before a HFM, on postprandial lipemia and inflammation in overweight, insufficiently active men.MethodsIn this randomized-crossover study, twelve participants remained sedentary (CON), or performed a brisk walk on a treadmill at 60 % VO2peak for either 30 min (EX-30) or 60 min (EX-60), after which they consumed a small snack (270 kcal) to partially replace exercise energy expenditure. Following a 12-h overnight fast, participants consumed a standard HFM (1 g fat/kg; 1 g CHO/kg; 1117.8 ± 117.0 kcal). Blood draws were performed at baseline (pre-HFM) and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h post-HFM to assess glucose, insulin, lipids, and systemic inflammation.ResultsThere were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in fasting triglycerides between EX-60 (118.7 ± 68.3 mg/dL), CON (134.8 ± 66.2 mg/dL) or EX-30 (135.5 ± 85.4 mg/dL). There were no differences in peak, time-to-peak, total or incremental area-under-the-curve between trials for triglyceride response (p > 0.05). There was no significant main effect of time (p > 0.05) in IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 or TNF-α from baseline to 8 h post-HFM in any trial.ConclusionsIn summary, we found that in overweight, insufficiently active men, neither 30 nor 60 min of moderate-intensity exercise performed 12 h prior to a HFM attenuated postprandial lipemia or inflammation, which could potentially be explained by the partial caloric replacement of exercise energy expenditure.
Highlights
The transient rise in blood lipids following a high-fat meal (HFM), known as postprandial lipemia, is linked to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease, but can be blunted by exercise
Effects of exercise on postprandial lipemia It is well-established that consumption of a fatty meal can result in a substantial rise in blood lipids, and that this lipemia has a basis in atherosclerosis [1, 27]
It is widely acknowledged that acute aerobic exercise performed 10–12 h prior to a high-fat meal is typically effective in attenuating postprandial lipemia [15]
Summary
The transient rise in blood lipids following a high-fat meal (HFM), known as postprandial lipemia, is linked to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease, but can be blunted by exercise. Minimal research has investigated the effects of realistic exercise bouts on postprandial lipemia and inflammation in at-risk individuals. Since most individuals spend the majority of the day in a postprandial state, the ability to effectively clear triglycerides following a meal is paramount [4]. Chronic inflammation is recognized as a major risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease [10] and the metabolic syndrome [11]. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are known to increase during the postprandial state [12], as well as to be chronically elevated in individuals who are overweight or obese [13]. Research has rarely examined the postprandial lipemic response in conjunction with the inflammatory response in “atrisk” populations
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