Effects of third generation aromatase inhibitors on bone health and other safety parameters: Results of an open, randomised, multi-centre study of letrozole, exemestane and anastrozole in healthy postmenopausal women

Abstract

Given potential differences between the skeletal and other effects of the third generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs), we conducted an open, randomised Phase I study, comparing the effects of three licensed AIs on bone turnover markers, lipid profiles and adrenal function. Treatment comparisons were undertaken in 90 healthy postmenopausal women with normal bone mineral density who received once daily oral anastrozole (1 mg, n = 29), letrozole (2.5 mg, n = 29) or exemestane (25 mg, n = 32) for 24 weeks with a subsequent 12 week washout period. All three AIs induced increases in bone resorption markers, but no significant differences were observed in their effects on bone turnover markers. Greater differences were observed in lipid metabolism. Notably, exemestane, but not anastrozole or letrozole, significantly increased the LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio by 12 weeks, largely mediated by a decrease in HDL-cholesterol. Further, long-term clinical studies are required to determine the impact, if any, of the differences observed between the AIs.