Abstract
Abstract The additional tension and the rate of growth of black films formed from aqueous solutions of polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants and sodium dodecylsulfate, which contain inorganic electrolytes in high concentrations, were measured for the large vertical films drawn from these solutions. It was found that the rate of growth of black films was proportional to the additional tension in both systems. The reciprocal of the slope of each line was concluded to be a viscosity parameter, since the additional tension acted as the driving force for the growth of black films, and the viscosity parameter, as the resistance. The effect of added glycerol on the rate of growth of black films was compared with that of electrolytes for the films of nonionic surfactants. The former affected both the viscosity parameter and the additional tension, while the latter showed an effect on only the additional tension.
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