EFFECTS OF THE SPRING TRITICALE GENOTYPES INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Abstract

As objects of research, 40 varieties and lines of spring triticale of various ecological and geographical origins were used. To identify the degree of influence of the genotype-environment interaction on the formation of the yield of spring triticale, differentiation of varieties according to yield levels was carried out and dispersive, correlation and regression analysis was used. The linear nature of the reaction of spring triticale genotypes to the environment is maintained as long as the loads of environmental factors do not exceed the buffer capacity of the varieties. The spring triticale yields were ranked during different vegetation periods and AC Certa, Grebeshok, Lana, Ulyana, Uzor, Lotos, Victoria, Losinovsk, Sandio samples were selected with optimal environmental resistance to stress factors of the Middle Amur Region. In the dispersion of the yield of spring triticale, the influence of environmental factors is 41.3%, varieties - 19.6%, and genotype-environment interactions - 39.1%. This suggests that during the formation of spring triticale yields, the conditions of the Middle Amur region prevail over the genotypes and the genotype-environment interaction. Based on the multiple correlation analysis, the cumulative effect of environmental factors on the production process of spring triticale (R = 0.554) was established. A mathematical model of spring triticale productivity has been created depending on the weather and climatic conditions of the growing season. According to the coefficients of the regression equation, photosynthetically active radiation (the regression coefficient is 0.5533) and the relative humidity of the air (the regression coefficient is 1.9640) during the organogenesis of spring triticale have a significant impact on the plant yield. The low environmental sustainability of the studied varieties and lines of spring triticale in the Middle Amur Region indicates the need to create a new source material as the basis of highly productive and sustainable agrobiocenosis.