Effects of the soil organic fertilizers onto the carbofuran soil and plant metabolisms in field cauliflower crops

Abstract

A spring cauliflower crop was made on the loamy sand soil of a field whose plots had been amended, one month before planting, with one of the organic fertilizers: city refuse compost, or mushroom cultivation compost, or cow manure; there were also unamended control plots. Some days after planting, an emulsion of carbofuran in water was applied onto soil, around the stem of the plant, for protection against the root fly. During growth of the crop, the rates of carbofuran soil biodegradation were smaller in the organic fertilizers amended plots, than in the unamended controls; the intensity of the effect was in the increasing order: city refuse compost < cow manure < mushroom cultivation compost. The organic fertilizers thus increased the insecticide soil concentrations; they thus should increase the insecticide protection efficiency against soil insects. During the final period of the crop, the rates of carbofuran soil biodegradation increased, and the organic fertilizers effects were levelled off; at harv...