Abstract
The Newcastle earthquake of1989 had a significant effect on the New South Wales high voltage grid. Multiple failures of large, porcelain insulators and operations of transformer Bucholz relays occurred in substations near the epicentre. Although unplanned, these operations correctly initiated a general and immediate loss of supply around Newcastle, resulting in both adverse and beneficial outcomes. The Electricity Commission of New South Wales response was immediate and effective, with all bulk supply points energised after 2.5 hours. Full restoration followed in three weeks, but normal reliability of supply took months to recover. A third phase of review identified areas where either the system or the response may have been improved. “Lifeline” studies to mitigate the effects of such extreme events are described and recommended for communities at risk.
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