Effects of the moment of inertia on the energy dissipation and convection motion of particles in a horizontally vibrated monolayer

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Convection and energy dissipation in a horizontally vibrated granular systems is an indispensable phenomenon of nature due to its importance in fields of engineering development. A monolayer of granular particles of size d= 8.00 ± 0.02mm with density ρ= 1.6g/cm3 is filled in a rectangular container of size Lx= 25cm, Ly= 25cm, Lz=18cm and vibrated horizontally with 5Hz, 10Hz and 15Hz frequencies; the dimensionless acceleration Γ varies from 0.8 to 1.4. Four different regions namely the Solid Region, Cluster Region, Gassy Region and Empty Region, as well as a 3D state when particles jump from one corner of the container, were observed in the experiment. The moment of inertia played a significant role in the energy dissipation and convection motion. We relate the moment of inertia with the angular momentum L and the linear velocity vt of the particles as I∝(Lvt ). Convection motion can be observed when the product of the angular momentum and linear velocity (Lvt) ˃ 2.24X104gcm3/s2 and the dimensionless acceleration Г ≥ 1.2. There is no effect of frequency on the 3D state; this state depends only on the dimensionless acceleration Г.