Effects of the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills Model on Metabolic Control of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Turkey: Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate the effects of information–motivation–behavioral skills model interventions given by nurses during home visits on the knowledge levels, personal and social motivation levels, behavioral skills, and HbA1C levels of adolescents with poor glycemic control. Design and methodsThe present study was designed as randomized controlled trial. 50 adolescents with type 1 diabetes were equally divided into study and control groups. Socio-Demographic Form, Diabetes Information Evaluation Form, The Child Attitude Toward Illness Scale, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale were utilized in data collection. The scales were administered at the beginning of the study and six months later. HbA1c levels of adolescents were evaluated in the third and sixth months. Multiple home visits and phone calls were made to each participant in the intervention group. Interventions to improve the information–motivation–behavioral skills model-based knowledge, personal and social motivation, and behavioral skills were applied during the home visits. ResultsAs a result of information–motivation–behavioral skills model-based interventions, knowledge levels (p<0.001), personal motivation levels (p = 0.001), social motivation levels (p = 0.004), and behavioral skills (p<0.001) of the study group improved. Additionally, HbA1c levels decreased significantly in the third (p<0.001) and sixth months (p<0.001). ConclusionInformation-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model-based intervention effectively improved glycemic control among adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Practice implicationsNurses should develop strategies to increase personal motivation, social motivation, and behavioral skills to training programs planned for adolescents with type 1 diabetes.