Effects of the Inclusion of Andrographis paniculata Leaf on the Functional Properties and Pasting Characteristics of Wheat-pearl Millet-Based Flour Blends

Abstract

This study evaluated flour blends from Wheat, Pearl millet and Andrographis paniculata leaf for functional properties and pasting characteristics profiling. The functional properties such as solubility, gelling capacity, water absorption capacity (WAC), Oil absorption capacity (OAC), Bulk density, foaming capacity and stability and swelling capacity and the pasting characteristics were studied. The inclusion of A. paniculata leaf flour in the blends revealed a significant general increase in water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, and bulk density. However, a general decrease in the foaming capacity, solubility, and least gelation was observed as the inclusion of A. paniculata leaf flour increased. The pasting properties of WPMF (flour blend without the inclusion of A. paniculata leaf flour) exhibited the following values: peak viscosity (658 RVU), breakdown (372 RVU), final viscosity (923 RVU), setback (637 RVU), peak time (5.07 min), and pasting temperature (84.8oC). The inclusion of A. paniculata leaf flour in the blends led to a significant general decrease in all the pasting factors. The inclusion of A. paniculata had a significant effect on the functional and pasting properties of wheat-pearl millet based flour.