Effects of the cervical headgear in growing Angle Class II malocclusion patients: a prospective study.

Anderson Jaña Rosa,José Nelson Mucha,Oswaldo de Vasconcellos Vilella,Rizomar Ramos do Nascimento

doi:10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.025-031.oar

Anderson Jaña Rosa, José Nelson Mucha + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.25.2.025-031.oar

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate dental and skeletal changes resulting from the exclusive use of the cervical headgear for 15 ± 4 months in the treatment of patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Methods: Differences between the beginning (T1) and immediately after the end of the therapy (T2) with the cervical headgear in growing patients (Experimental Group, EG, n = 23) were examined and compared, during compatible periods, with those presented by a group of untreated individuals (Control Group, CG, n =22) with similar malocclusions and chronological age. The cephalometric variables evaluated were: ANB, GoGn.SN, AO-BO, S'-ANS, S'-A, S'-B, S'-Pog and S'-U6 (maxillary first molar). The Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests were used to evaluate the results. Results: Significant differences were found relative to the ANB, S'-U6, AO-BO, S'-ANS, S'-A, S'-B and S'-Pog variables between T1 and T2 when comparing both groups. No statistically significant variation was found regarding the GoGn.SN angle.Conclusions: The use of cervical headgear promoted distal movement of the maxillary first molars and restricted the anterior displacement of the maxilla, without significantly affecting the GoGn.SN angle.

Highlights

The extraoral cervical appliance placed on the maxillary first molar promotes changes in the anteroposterior and vertical directions, which are reflected by the changes in the morphological characteristics of the alveolar processes and basal bones.[4,9,11,12]
The selection criteria was the presence of well-defined Class II malocclusion, in which the vestibular cusp of the first maxillary molar occludes in the mesiobuccal sulcus of the first lower molar
The intraexaminer method error varied from p = 1.00 (AO-BO) to p = 0.92 (GoGn.SN)

Summary

Introduction

Despite the decline of its use, the effects of the cervical headgear in the Class II malocclusion treatment, combining skeletal and dentoalveolar changes, have been confirmed by several authors.[8,9,10] The extraoral cervical appliance placed on the maxillary first molar promotes changes in the anteroposterior and vertical directions, which are reflected by the changes in the morphological characteristics of the alveolar processes and basal bones.[4,9,11,12] The ideal moment to correct maxillary protrusion seems to be during the mixed dentition phase, just before the growth spurt. A well-timed and adequate intervention at this stage may reduce the anteroposterior discrepancy between the jaws.[1,11]

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Conclusion