Effects of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Use on Vital Signs during Intravenous Sedation

Abstract

The prevalence of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use is increasing in the general population due to increased availability and acceptability. According to the NIH, in 2016 marijuana usage in the US adult population increased to 9.5% with estimates of 10-20% of adults aged 18-25 using regularly1. There is limited literature2 researching the effects of THC on anesthesia. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons face unique challenges as they frequently perform procedures within the office setting, both under local anesthesia and various levels of sedation. Intravenous sedation is of particular interest as multiple medications may be administered by the surgeon, and it is not well understood how recent exposure to THC may alter the response to these medications. The effects of THC on vital signs during outpatient sedation have not been examined. This is important for 2 reasons: 1) vital signs should be maintained within normal range during sedation and 2) alterations of vital signs in the presence of THC may be indicative of changes in sedation level. The goal of this study is to investigate whether the vital signs are altered in patients with recent exposure to THC undergoing intravenous sedation compared to those without exposure.