Abstract
Zirconia exhibits excellent characteristics such as low thermal conductivity, excellent biocompatibility, high fracture toughness and strength, high crack resistance and low wear rates. Zirconia nanoparticles are synthesized using sol-gel technique. Properties of final hydrous zirconia sols are dependent on the experimental conditions, including reaction temperature, concentration of reactants and pH etc. In order to investigate the effect of above mentioned parameters on zirconia phase and toughness, reaction temperature of reactants was varied from 100°C to 180°C. The effect of calcination temperature on structure and phase of zirconia was observed in the temperature range 100 to 500°C. From XRD data it can be inferred that the amorphous structure with hump at 30.2° is an indication of presence of tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2). The XRD results represent mixture of tetragonal and monoclinic phases, however higher temperature (∼500°C) calcination results in higher tetragonal content. Decrease in crystallite size is observed with increase in reaction temperature. However, crystallite size of the samples increases with the increase in calcination temperature. Hardness value of ∼1025HV is observed at a reaction temperature of 100°C. Whereas, relatively high value of hardness 1263HV have been observed at a calcination temperature of 500°C.
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