Abstract
Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) is an invasive species that can damage many tree species in orchard, urban, and forested habitats. Adult survival, reproduction, and egg hatch of A. chinensis from Italy and China are evaluated at eight constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 °C) under laboratory conditions. The estimated Tmax for longevity was 42 and 33 °C for females and 42 and 39 °C for males from China and Italy, respectively. The estimated Tmax, Tmin, and optimum temperature for fecundity were 35, 9, and 29 °C, respectively. Females laid eggs at 15–30 °C and eggs hatched at 15–35 °C. Days to first oviposition increased exponentially from 13 days at 30 °C to >300 days near 10 °C. The estimated Tmin for egg hatch was 13 °C, the Tmax at 38 °C, and the optimum 29 °C. Percentage hatch was estimated to be highest at 26 °C and have a Tmax of 31 °C and Tmin of 10 °C. These results indicate that summer temperatures over a wide range of latitudes should support beetle survival and reproduction, but at temperatures ≥35 °C, oviposition ceases, and adult survivorship declines. In addition, females may survive into the fall, but lay fewer eggs that may not hatch. These responses of A. chinensis to temperature can be used for developing phenological models to predict the timing of stages for management or eradication efforts.
Highlights
Temperature is an important abiotic factor that influences insect life-history processes, such as survival, development, and reproduction
Understanding how insects respond to temperature makes it possible to estimate potential geographic ranges and develop phenology models to predict the timing of stages that are critical to deploying survey and management options
The native range of A. chinensis largely overlaps that of its congeneric, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), but it has been recorded from warmer areas of southern Asia and is not found in some of the more northern parts of China and far east Russia [1]
Summary
Temperature is an important abiotic factor that influences insect life-history processes, such as survival, development, and reproduction. Understanding how insects respond to temperature makes it possible to estimate potential geographic ranges and develop phenology models to predict the timing of stages that are critical to deploying survey and management options. It is important to develop these predictive tools for species like Anoplophora chinensis (Forster) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) that become invasive after being transported, either in live plants or solid wood packaging materials, through international trade routes. The native range of A. chinensis largely overlaps that of its congeneric, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), but it has been recorded from warmer areas of southern Asia and is not found in some of the more northern parts of China and far east Russia [1]. Occasionally found in Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines [2,3].
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