Abstract
Toxicities of ultra-low-volume sprays of azinphosmethyl and malathion to Anthonomus grandis Boheman were evaluated under various photoperiods and temperatures. Weevils were exposed to insecticide-treated plants and held in 6 test environments: 80°F in continuous light (LL); 80°F and a photoperiod of LD 10:14 (i.e., 10 hours of light and 14 hours of dark per 24-hour cycle); 62-80°F truncated temperature change in LD 10:14; 62-80°F gradual temperature change in LD 10:14; 62°F in LL; and 62°F in LD 10:14. Toxicity produced by both insecticides showed a positive temperature coefficient as greater weevil mortalities occurred at higher temperatures than at lower. Azinphosmethyl killed greater percentages of weevils than malathion in the warmer temperature regimens of 80°F in LL, 80°F in LD 10:14, and 62-80°F truncated temperature change in LD 10:14. Malathion was more toxic to weevils than azinphosmethyl in the cooler temperature regimens of 62°F in LL, 62°F in LD 10:14, and 62 to 80°F in LD 10:14 gradual temperature change. Whereas temperature exerted an obvious influence on the toxicities of malathion and azinphosmethyl to boll weevils, no apparent effects were due to photoperiodism.
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