Abstract
AbstractImmature stages of the gall midge Cystiphora schmidti (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a biocontrol insect specific to skeleton weed were studied in the laboratory at different constant temperatures and different lengths of photophase.The rate of development increased linearly within the range 15 to 3°C, with an estimated developmental zero of 10°C. Development rates were similar within each temperature treatment irrespective of length of photophase.At 15°C, diapause was induced in larvae at photophases of 12.5 h or less. The critical photoperiod was 12 to 13 h. Diapause was also induced at 12.5°C regardless of the length of photophase. Termination of diapause appeared related to increases in both length of photophase and temperature.Field observations of population trends and the winter diapause of C. schmidti were explained using these laboratory findings.
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