Abstract
BackgroundTaurine is a conditional essential amino acid for fish. A study was conducted to investigate the compensating effect of supplemental taurine in diets for red seabream (Pagrus major) on impaired growth performance by fish meal (FM) replacement with soybean meal (SM) at low water temperature (14.15 ± 1.95 °C).MethodsA FM-based diet was considered as a high FM diet and three other experimental diets were formulated to replace FM with SM by 20, 35, or 50% (HFM, SM20, SM35, or SM50, respectively) without taurine and other four diets were formulated by adding 1% taurine to the diets (HFM-T, SM20-T, SM35-T, or SM50-T, respectively). Triplicate groups of fish (108.9 ± 1.58 g/fish) were distributed into 24 polyvinyl circular tanks (215 L) with 20 fish per tank and fed one of the diets to satiation for 20 weeks.ResultsGrowth performance and feed utilization of red seabream were significantly improved by the dietary taurine supplementation. SM20-T and SM35-T diets increased fish growth that are comparable to HFM diet. Feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed SM20-T and SM35-T diets were not significantly different from those of HFM group. Dietary taurine supplementation in each FM replaced group numerically increased innate immunity of the fish. Lysozyme and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased in fish fed SM35, SM50, and SM50-T diets compared to those of fish fed HFM diet while they were not significantly lower in SM20, SM20-T, SM35, and SM35-T groups. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly lower in fish group fed SM50 diet while SM50-T group did not significantly lower compared to that of HFM group. The relative expression level of hepatic IGF-1 mRNA was improved in fish fed taurine-supplemented diets compared to their respective SM diets.ConclusionsGrowth performance and feed utilization of red seabream can be accelerated or restored by 1% taurine supplementation when they are fed high level of SM up to 35% in diets during low water temperature season.
Highlights
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an amino acid which contains acidic sulfonate group and a basic amino acid group
Growth performance and feed utilization of red seabream were significantly influenced by the dietary taurine supplementation in each fish meal (FM) replacement (Table 2)
Final body weight (FBW) and weight gain (WG) of fish was significantly improved by dietary taurine supplementation to soybean meal (SM) diets
Summary
Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an amino acid which contains acidic sulfonate group and a basic amino acid group. Many studies proved that taurine is an essential nutrient for fish (Takagi et al 2008; Lim et al 2013; El-Sayed2014; Salze and Davis 2015) and involved in bile acid metabolism of fish (Goto et al 1996, 2017). A study conducted by Park et al (2002) indicated that dietary taurine was involved in a metabolism of sulfur amino acids of juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Growth and reproduction of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) were improved by a dietary taurine supplementation (Matsunari et al 2006). A study was conducted to investigate the compensating effect of supplemental taurine in diets for red seabream (Pagrus major) on impaired growth performance by fish meal (FM) replacement with soybean meal (SM) at low water temperature (14.15 ± 1.95 °C)
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