Effects of surgical removal of mandibular third molar on the periodontium of the second molar

Abstract

The effects on periodontal tissues of adjacent second molars after semi-impacted mandibular third molar surgery were evaluated. The influence of flap design was studied. Twenty volunteers randomly underwent the three-cornered flap technique (group A) or the distal wedge flap technique (group B). The periodontal probing depth was measured by using a 'Williams'-type probe just prior to surgery and three months post-operatively. Six sites, mesio-buccal, buccal, disto-buccal, disto-lingual, lingual and mesio-lingual, around the second molar were selected for measurement. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn test (post hoc) were used. Significance level was set at 5%. There were no complications (oedema, alveolitis, etc.) in any of the patients of the study. The results showed that both methods caused shallow pocket depth (P > 0.05) and there were no statistically significant differences between the flap techniques (P > 0.05). Flap design was not an important factor affecting the periodontal status of the second molar. The decision to use any of the various flap designs for access to mandibular third molars should be based on operator preference rather than on the assumption that periodontal health of the adjacent second molar will be improved.