Abstract
In order to explore the effects of microstructures of membranes on superhydrophobic properties, it is critical, though, challenging, to study microstructures with different morphologies. In this work, a combination of chemical etching and oxidation was used and some copper meshes were selected for grinding. Two superhydrophobic morphologies could be successfully prepared for oil-water separation: a parabolic morphology and a truncated cone morphology. The surface morphology, chemical composition, and wettability were characterized. The results indicated that the water contact angle and the advancing and receding contact angles of the parabolic morphology were 153.6°, 154.6 ± 1.1°, and 151.5 ± 1.8°, respectively. The water contact angle and the advancing and receding contact angles of the truncated cone morphology were 121.8°, 122.7 ± 1.6°, and 119.6 ± 2.7°, respectively. The separation efficiency of the parabolic morphology for different oil-water mixtures was 97.5%, 97.2%, and 91%. The separation efficiency of the truncated cone morphology was 93.2%, 92%, and 89%. In addition, the values of the deepest heights of pressure resistance of the parabolic and truncated cone morphologies were 21.4 cm of water and 19.6 cm of water, respectively. This shows that the parabolic morphology had good separation efficiency, pressure resistance, and superhydrophobic ability compared with the truncated cone morphology. It illustrates that microstructure is one of the main factors affecting superhydrophobic properties.
Highlights
Both oil leakage accidents and arbitrary discharges of oily wastewater have caused great damage to water resources [1,2,3,4]
In order to further observe the surface microstructure of the copper meshes, since the microscope could only roughly see the differences in surface morphology of the copper meshes, the copper meshes were characterized by SEM
The diameter of the copper mesh wire was slightly narrowed. It was basically consistent with what was observed under the microscope, indicating that after ultrasonic etching using the acidic etchant FeCl3 solution and ultrasonic oxidation using the H2 O2 solution, the copper meshes were subjected to cavitation impact and the surfaces of copper substrates were deformed and etched, which confirmed that cavitation had occurred [45]
Summary
Both oil leakage accidents and arbitrary discharges of oily wastewater have caused great damage to water resources [1,2,3,4]. Constructed four different morphologies of rough surfaces: a cylinder, a truncated cone, a paraboloid and a hemisphere. It was necessary to verify the theoretical prediction results by fabricating superhydrophobic materials with different morphologies such as a truncated cone morphology and a parabolic rough morphology. Rong et al.described [25] pretreated copper used to prepare rough surfaces, the(CS), rough structures not been in detail andfoam associated meshes with diluted with theoretical models.HCl, ethanol, deionized water, ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8), dibasic sodium phosphate (Na2HPO4), etc. Elmira Velayi et al [6] pretreated ZnO with deionized water, In this paper, copper meshes were used as substrate materials. The copper meshes were properties ofthrough the superhydrophobic with different and their oil-water pretreated a series of processesmaterials including etching, oxidation,morphologies grinding, and modification. Experimental hydrophobic properties of the superhydrophobic materials with different morphologies and their oilwater separation efficiency were verified
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