Abstract
Vapor-phase aldol condensation of methyl acetate with formaldehyde over vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) deposited on SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, Sb2O3, γ-Al2O3, and n-γ-Al2O3 (γ-Al2O3 treated with H3PO4) for methyl acrylate production was developed. The VPO/n-γ-Al2O3 was found to have the best performance based on the evaluated experiments in a fixed-bed reactor. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were investigated by different characterization methods such as the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, H2 temperature programmed reduction, Fourier transfrom infrared spectroscopy, and NH3- and CO2-temperature programmed desorption. The influence of P–OH intensity and acid strength on activity was obtained through systematic studies over the formation process of VPO phases and the acidity distribution. Preparation and reaction parameters were investigated and optimized.
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