Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of garlic powder inclusion on selected blood profile and immunity of white leghorn chicken. A total of 180 chickens (156 layers and 24 cocks) were randomly distributed in to 12 pens and assigned to 4 treatments. Treatments were rations containing 0, 1, 2, and 3% garlic powder for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The CP and ME content of treatment rations were 16-16.6% and 3021.31-3244.4 kcal/kg DM, respectively. Blood profile parameters were determined using established laboratory methods. The value of hemoglobin (Hb) increased insignificantly due to supplementation of different levels of garlic powder. Total white blood cell count (TWBC), basophile, lymphocytes, heterophils and monocytes were not affected (P > 0.05) by treatments. But, slight rise in lymphocyte and heterophil counts were observed in garlic supplemented groups which may be due to immuno-stimulatory effects of garlic. Packed cell volume (PCV) and eosinophils were affected (P < 0.05) by treatments, PCV (38.1, 45,2,41.5 and 39. 2), eosinophils (4.9, 3.2, 3 and 2.8), for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Mean values of total protein (g/dl) was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatment. The mean values of total immunoglobulin (gm/dl) (3.53, 4.09, 5.58, 3.04) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T3 compared to other treatments. Generally, inclusion of 2% garlic powder has significantly improved total immunoglobulin. But it significantly lowered eosinophils compared to control group. The present study revealed that mixing layer diets with 1-3% garlic powder could be used in practical layer diets to improve some haematological and immunoglobulin values which might consequently improve blood circulation and immunity of White Leghorns Chickens.
Highlights
Antimicrobial compounds produced by microorganisms have been used in animal rations as growth promoters for many years (Church, 1998)
The numerical increase observed in the Hb and Packed cell volume (PCV) of birds fed garlic supplemented diets suggest that the diets were better utilized and assimilated into the blood stream for use by the birds
In agreement with the findings reported by Prasad et al (2009) slight rise in lymphocyte and heterophil count was observed in garlic supplemented groups, which may be due to immuno-stimulatory effects of garlic
Summary
Antimicrobial compounds produced by microorganisms have been used in animal rations as growth promoters for many years (Church, 1998). Garlic is a bulbous perennial herb, closely related to the onion It has anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and anti-parasitic properties (Puvaca et a., 2014) and has been used traditionally for ages to treat a wide array of diseases, namely, respiratory infections, ulcers, and diarrhea and skin infections (Fenwick and Hanley, 1985). According to reports of Sonaiya and Swan (2004), traditional treatment and control of poultry disease is important for Ethiopia as most developing countries. These countries cannot afford to import veterinary medicine and vaccination for chickens. This compound is derived from naturally occurring amino acid allin which is transformed into allicin (dially-thiosulphanate) by the enzyme allinase This enzyme is inactivated by heat, oxygen and water (Mantis et al, 1978) leading to Effects of supplementation of different. This paper seeks to evaluate the effect of different levels of inclusion of garlic (Allium sativum) on selected haematological and biochemical parameters of blood of White Leghorn layers
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