Abstract
The benefits of moderate strength training for individuals with cardiovascular disease have been well documented. However, there is a need for more information regarding the use of heavy resistance training for this population. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of one set (OS) and two sets (TS) of strength training (ST) on one repetition maximum (1 RM) strength and acute responses to a weight loaded walk test (WLWT) in male (n = 7; 62 ± 3 yr, 95 ± 6 kg) and female (n = 7; 68 ± 4 yr, 75 ± 3 kg) Phase III/IV cardiovascular rehabilitation participants. METHODS: Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rate-pressure product (RPP), oxygen saturation (O2 sat), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed before and after ST using individualized, incremental weight loaded walk tests. Following initial 1 RM testing, each subject completed eight weeks of whole body ST consisting of either OS or TS of ten repetitions, performed twice per week. Each set of ST exercise began with a 5 RM resistance, and was gradually lowered as necessary to complete ten repetitions. RESULTS: Following ST, both the OS and TS groups increased their 1 RM strength for the leg press, leg extension, chest press, lat pulldown, and arm curl exercises (all p < 0.01), with no significant time-by-group interactions. When compared to baseline, there were significant reductions in HR (OS: 94 ± 7 vs. 91 ± 8 b/min; TS: 96 ± 4 vs. 92 ± 4 b/min; p < 0.05) and RPP (OS: 16383 ± 3045 vs. 15270 ± 2986; TS: 15184 ± 855 vs. 13722 ± 861; p < 0.05) during the second stage of the WLWT, with no significant group interactions. In addition, after-training reductions in systolic and diastolic BP during the first and third stages of the WLWT approached significance (p = 0.07 – 0.09), while there were no significant changes in O2 sat or RPE. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that one set of heavy strength training is as effective as two sets for improving muscular strength and the ability to perform daily activities in cardiovascular rehabilitation participants.
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