Effects of Sting Plant Extracts as Penetration Enhancers on Transdermal Delivery of Hypoglycemic Compounds.

Yuh-Ming Fuh,Dinh-Chuong Pham,Ching-Feng Weng

doi:10.3390/medicina55050121

Yuh-Ming Fuh, Dinh-Chuong Pham + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55050121

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Abstract

Background and objectives: The percutaneous route is an interesting and inventive investigation field of drug delivery. However, it is challenging for drug molecules to pass through the skins surface, which is a characterized by its permeability barrier. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of some penetration enhancers on in vivo permeation of insulin and insulin sensitizers (curcumin and rutin) through diabetes-induced mouse skin. Materials and Methods: Sting crude extracts of Dendrocnide meyeniana, Urtica thunbergiana Sieb. and Zucc, and Alocasia odora (Lodd.) Spach were used as the penetration enhancers. Mouse skin irritation was tested by smearing the enhancers for the measurements at different time points and the cell viability of the HaCaT human skin keratinocytes, which was determined by Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assays to evaluate human biosafety for these extracts after the mouse skin permeation experiments. Results: All enhancers induced a slight erythema without edema on the mouse skin that completely recovered after 6 h from the enhancer smears as compared with normal mouse skin. Furthermore, no damaged cells were found in the HaCaT keratinocytes under sting crude extract treatments. The blood sugar level in the diabetic mice treated with the insulin or insulin sensitizers, decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the presence of enhancers. The area under the curve (AUC) values of transdermal drug delivery (TDD) ranged from 42,000 ± 5000 mg/dL x min without enhancers, to 30,000 ± 2000 mg/dL x min in the presence of enhancers. Conclusions: This study exhibited that natural plant extracts could be preferred over the chemically synthesized molecules and are safe and potent penetration enhancers for stimulating the transdermal absorption of drugs.

Highlights

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) has been recognized as a promising and painless approach with advantages such as favorable reception by patients, enhancing bioavailability, minimal toxic side effects, and ease of access [1,2]
A skin-irritation test was performed on mice by smearing mouse skin with 100 μL of Dendrocnide meyeniana (Dm), Ut, or Ao at a concentration of
The results showed that applying individual crude extracts Dm, Ut, or Ao or the capsaicin compound to the mouse skin were found to have no effect on the reduction of the blood sugar level (Figure 4A) as revealed by insignificant increases of area under the curve (AUC) for glucose in the crude extracts pretreated skin as compared with the untreated group (Figure 4B, p > 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) has been recognized as a promising and painless approach with advantages such as favorable reception by patients (noninvasiveness), enhancing bioavailability, minimal toxic side effects, and ease of access [1,2]. Skin is one of the primary challenges in the delivery of a majority of drugs via the transdermal route. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of some penetration enhancers on in vivo permeation of insulin and insulin sensitizers (curcumin and rutin) through diabetes-induced mouse skin. Mouse skin irritation was tested by smearing the enhancers for the measurements at different time points and the cell viability of the HaCaT human skin keratinocytes, which was determined by Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assays to evaluate human biosafety for these extracts after the mouse skin permeation experiments. The area under the curve (AUC) values of transdermal drug delivery (TDD) ranged from 42,000 ± 5000 mg/dL x min without enhancers, to

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