Abstract
We have systematically studied the effects of Sr substitution on the microstructure, crystal structure, Curie temperature, dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of (Ba1−xSrx)(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.40) ceramics prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. Both X-ray diffraction and dielectric measurements reveal that with increasing Sr content, the room-temperature crystal structure of the samples evolves from tetragonal to orthorhombic around x = 0.2 where the two phases coexist. Dielectric measurements show that Sr doping significantly reduces the Curie temperature (TC) linearly from 114 °C for x = 0 to 10 °C for x = 0.4 with dTC/dx ≈ −265 °C/mol. Moreover, Sr doping causes linear shrinkage of the lattice constants and unit cell volume as well as considerable changes in the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. At room temperature, the sample with x = 0.11 exhibits enhanced piezoelectric properties with d33 ~ 380 pC/N and the planar mode electromechanical coupling coefficient kp = 0.38. Our results provide useful reference for the optimization of Ba(Zr,Ti)O3-based lead-free piezoelectric materials.
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