Abstract

Abstract Small-molecule organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells with a heterostructure of indium tin oxide (ITO)/copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C 60 /Ag were fabricated by physical vapor deposition at different source temperatures T sou and substrate temperatures T sub . The physical properties of these as-deposited organic thin films including surface morphology, structural information, and electrical and optical properties were measured (in layer-by-layer sequence) by atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, current–voltage characteristics, and electronic absorption spectra. At first, the effects of different deposition conditions ( T sou and T sub ) on growth rate and film thickness of these organic thin films were examined. Then, the interface properties of ITO/CuPc and CuPc/C 60 were studied with respect to T sub . Short-circuit current density J sc and open-circuit voltage V oc for this ITO/CuPc/C 60 /Ag heterostructure under illumination were performed, and the spectral response of J sc was analyzed. Finally, the T sub -dependence of the physical properties of the as-deposited organic films and of the performance of the as-fabricated OPV cells were discussed.

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