Abstract

AbstractEnvironmental factors can significantly affect the occurrence of a second diapause in laboratory-reared Choristoneura fumiferana. Each of the following conditions resulted in significantly fewer larvae entering second diapause: incubating the eggs at a high relative humidity (95%); a pre-diapause period at 20 °C rather than 28 °C; a diapause period of 7 or 8 months rather than 4 months; and holding the feeding larvae at higher temperatures (24 °C and 28 °C as opposed to 20 °C). Late-emerging larvae had a greater tendency to enter second diapause.

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