Effects of Some Antioxidant Materials as a Foliar and Water Deficit Stress at Identify Growth Stages on Productivity of Wheat Crop

Abstract

Two field experiments were conduct at Sakha Agric. Res. Station,Kafer EL-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons, to study the effects of foliar application of ascorbic and salicylic acid under water deficit stressat identify growth stages and its interaction on productivity of misr1 wheat cultivar. The split plot design with three replicates was used where the main plots included water stress (normal irrigation, water deficit stress attillering, heading, ripening stages), while ascorbic and salicylic acid applications (water spray, Asc 100 ppm, Asc 200 ppm, sal 100 ppm, sal 200 ppm, Asc 100 ppm + sal 100 ppm, Asc 200 ppm + sal 100 ppm, Asc 200 ppm + sal 200 ppm) were allocated at the sub plots. The obtained results were as follows:The normal irrigation recorded the highest signicficantly values in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, flage leaf area, plant height, spike length, number of spikes/m2, number of grains/spike, grains weight/spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yeild/fed. and straw yeild/fed. characters without significantly differences with the treatment of water deficit stress at heading and ripening stages at chlorophyll ain both seasons, the normal irrigation did not significantly differed with the treatments of water deficit stress at tillering, heading and ripening stages in grains weight/spike, grain yeild and plant heighet characters respictively in the first season and with the treatments of water deficit stress atheading stage in number of grains/spike and spike length characters and at ripening stage in spike length character in the second season. The combinations between ascorbic acid and salicylic acid gave the greatest significantly values at the most of characters as soon as chlorophyll a, plant height, spike length, number of spikes/m2, number of grains/spike, grains weight/spike, grain yeild/fed. and straw yeild/fed. characters compared with the other treatments in both seasons while the same trend was at chlorophyll b in the first season and at 1000 grain weight in the second season, the combination between ascorbic acid(200 ppm) and salicylic acid (200 ppm) only recorded the greatest significantly values offlage leaf area in both seasons and at 1000 grain weight andchlorophyll b in the first and second season respectivly, the combinations between ascorbic acid and salicylic acid under normal irrigation gave the highest significantly values of grain yield/fed. in both seasons without significantly differences with the same combinations under water deficit stress at heading stage in the first seasons. The normal irrigation received the greatest values of water applied (m3/fed) and water consumption (m3/fed) while treatments of water deficit stress at heading and ripening stages recorded the highest values of productivity of irrigation water (kg/m3) and water productivity index (kg/m3), the combinations between ascorbic acid and salicylic acid recorded the biggest values of water applied (m3/fed), water consumption (m3/fed), productivity of irrigation water (kg/m3) and water productivity index (kg/m3) characters compared with the other antioxidant treatments in both seasons. The combinations between ascorbic acid (200 ppm) and 100 ppm or 200 ppm salicylic acid at all water deficit stress treatments recorded the highest values of productivity of irrigation water (kg/m3) and water productivity index (kg/m3) compared with the other interactions, the lowest values of the previous characters were obtained from water spray at all water deficit stress treatments. It could be concluded that the combinations between ascorbic acid (200 ppm) and (100 ppm or 200 ppm) of salicylic acid as a foliar application under both normal irrigation and water deficit stress at heading stage producing the highest grain yield of Misr 1 wheat cultivar with increasing the productivity of irrigation water and water productivity index Under the conditions of this study.