Abstract
Soman, an organophosphorous irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase was studied for its effect on the rat blood- brain barrier (BBB) during the first 24 hours of intoxication. Young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats injected with Evans blue dye (1. V. 2ml/kg of a 2% solution) and surviving a subsequent single convulsive dose of Soman (0.9 LD50) presented focal and diffuse penetration of dye in areas of brain normally considered protected by the BBB. Invasion was widest during the the first hour, when signs of excitation, respiratory distress, and convulsions peaked and was absent at 24 hours. During this time period, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, as measured by enzyme assay, persisted in brain and blood at 10 percent and 6 percent of control values respectively. Brains of nonconvulsing animals and animals pretreated with sodium pentobarbital (45mg/kg) or with diazepam (10 mg/kg) were free of extravasated dye.
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