Abstract
Hexagonal pyramidal β‐NaYF4:Eu3+ are synthesized with a facile solvothermal method using the mixture of ethylene glycol and deionized water (DIW) as the reaction solvents. The solvent ratio has a strong effect on the morphology, growth, and photoluminescence (PL) properties of β‐NaYF4:Eu3+. Both the particle size and the aspect ratio of length/diameter of the β‐NaYF4:Eu3+ increase with the proportion of DIW in the reaction solvents, and their crystallinity is also enhanced. The growth behavior of the β‐NaYF4:Eu3+ has been analyzed and explained based on the intrinsic crystal structures, the surface free energy, and the interactions between the reacting ions. The PL of the β‐NaYF4:Eu3+ greatly increases with the proportion of DIW in the reaction solvents, and this is attributed to their enhanced crystallinity with lower density of nonradiative defects. Herein, a useful basis for preparation of luminescent materials with adjustable morphology and strong PL is provided.
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