Abstract
To prepare particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites with ultra-high strength, high-strength 7xxx Al alloys are commonly employed as matrices. Heat treatment plays a crucial role in enhancing the mechanical properties of the alloys and their composites, but the influence of solution temperatures on composites based on 7xxxAl alloys remains unexplored. In this study, the effects of solution temperatures on the microstructures and mechanical properties of B4C/7A04Al composites fabricated via powder metallurgy (PM) technology were investigated, as well as those of 7A04Al alloys for comparison. Before solution treatments, the prominent second phases in the composite were MgZn2 phases, while those in the 7A04Al alloy consisted of MgZn2 and Al2CuMg phases. At lower solution temperature (420 °C), MgZn2 phases dissolved completely, whereas Al2CuMg phases persisted. Al2CuMg phases dissolved at 450 °C, and thus the 7A04Al alloy obtained the optimum strength and elongation. Further elevating the solution temperature caused abnormal grain growth (AGG) in the 7A04Al alloy, leading to a deterioration of strength and plasticity. In contrast, at various solution temperatures, the composite exhibited stability in grain size, which could be attributed to the pinning effects of B4C particles and Mg(Al)B2 phases, the reaction products between the boron impurity and the Al matrix. However, at higher solution temperatures (510 °C and 600 °C), the segregation of Mg and O around B4C particles was aggravated, and thus the elongation of the composite deteriorated. Interestingly, the strength remained relatively unaffected due to the strengthening effects of Mg(Al)B2 phases. The results indicate that the composite exhibited a broad range of solution temperature with comparable strength and elongation across a temperature range of 420 °C–470 °C. But for the 7A04Al alloy, the optimal solution temperature is 450 °C.
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