Abstract
In this experiment, the effects of different types of conditioners and their application on the absorption and transformation of phosphorus in high phosphorus soils in facilities were investigated to improve the environmental problems of protected farmland caused by phosphorus accumulation. Waxy corn was used as a test crop, and five conditioners such as humic acid, biochar, bentonite, alum, and dephosphorized gypsum were used as test materials for potting experiments. The experiment set 10 treatments, namely T1(Blank control), T2(Humic acid), T3(Biochar), T4(Bentonite), T5(Alum), T6 (Dephosphorized gypsum), T7(Biochar-bentonite-alum), T8(Humic acid-biochar-alum),T9(Humic acidbiochar- bentonite-alum),T10(Humic acid-bentonite-biochar-alum-dephosphorized gypsum). Based on the analysis of the results of the three crops, except that the first crop was not significant, the biomass and phosphorus absorption of waxy corn of T2 was the highest in the second crop, and T10 was the most effective treatment in the third crop. The soil available phosphorus content of T8 was the lowest in the second crop and that of T10 was the lowest in the third crop, which were 12.01% and 12.75% lower than the control. The soil water-soluble phosphorus content of T4 was the lowest in the second crop, which was 41.84% lower than the control, and that of T8 was the lowest in the third crop, which was 26.62% lower than the control. According to the results of the three crops, the ratio of the total phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus in the third crop of each treatment was increasing compared with the first crop. The soil phosphorus was transformed from organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus. The ratio of total phosphorus content of organic phosphorus of T6, T9, T10 was larger than other treatments, which slowed down the conversion of phosphorus to available form. The ratio of Ca8-P in the inorganic phosphorus was the highest, reaching about 50% to 60%. From the results and analysis, T2 and T10 were beneficial to the absorption of soil phosphorus by waxy corn, T8 and T10 were beneficial to slow down the conversion of phosphorus to the effective state, reduce the potential risk of phosphorus environment, improve the phosphorus accumulation environmental issues in greenhouse farmland.
Highlights
With the continuous adjustment of China's agricultural planting structure, the vegetable industry had developed rapidly, and the planting area of facility vegetables had increased significantly in northern China
The soil conditioners were divided into three categories: Nutrient conditioners based on improving soil properties and beneficial for nutrient element absorption, environmental element passivating conditioners based on environmental risk control, and coordinating conditioners based on nutrient absorption and environmental element movement[4].According to the current status of soil phosphorus environment in greenhouse farmland, humic acid, biochar, bentonite, alum and dephosphorized gypsum were selected as test conditioners in this experiment
A soil sample was collected from each pot, and the soil sample was air-dried and sieved to determine the total phosphorus, available phosphorus, water-soluble phosphorus, and inorganic phosphorus components of the soil sample
Summary
With the continuous adjustment of China's agricultural planting structure, the vegetable industry had developed rapidly, and the planting area of facility vegetables had increased significantly in northern China. It could promote the growth of roots and improve the absorption of phosphorus from soil by crops [13,14,15].In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars had rich research on the effects of these kinds of conditioners on phosphorus, but there are few reports on the combination of these kinds of conditioners. The purpose was to study: if (1) the effects of different soil conditioners on the biomass and phosphorus absorption of waxy corn; (2)the effects of different soil conditioners on the phosphorus absorption and transformation of soil It provided a theoretical basis for the planting of catch crops with conditioning application to solve the problem of phosphorus non-point source pollution
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