Abstract
This study evaluated whether the administration of a NSAID, sodium diclofenac, can promote alterations in the expression of Fos protein in central amygdala (CEA) and the lateral hypothalamus (LH) after 6 h of experimental tooth movement with a controlled force of 70 g, applied to the superior central incisors of rats. Adult male rats were anesthetized and divided into four groups: Control, no orthodontic appliance (OA); OA activated with 70 g; OA activated with 70 g and pretreated with diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg, intramuscular); and diclofenac sodium alone. Six hours after the onset of the experiment the rats were reanesthetized and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. The brains were removed and fixed, and sections containing the CEA and LH were processed for Fos protein immunohistochemistry. The results show that in the control group, intramuscular injection of a ketamine/xylazine mixture did not induce IR-Fos cells in the CEA or LH. However, in the 70 g group, IR-Fos was the strongest observed (P
Highlights
In clinical orthodontic treatment, tooth movement is widely used
This study evaluated the effects of treatment with diclofenac sodium, a potent Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in the activation of central amygdala and lateral hypothalamus neurons following experimental tooth movement
The rats were anesthetized by an intramuscular injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg) plus xylazine (14 mg/kg) and divided into four experimental groups: Control (n = 8), rats only submitted to the anesthetic procedure; OA (n = 8), rats that received an orthodontic appliance (OA) activated with 70g fixed on the maxillary incisors to induce tooth movement; DS + OA (n = 6), as per the OA group but pretreated with diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg, intramuscular) 30 min before the induction of tooth movement; and DS w/o OA (n = 5), rats injected with diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg, intramuscular) alone
Summary
Tooth movement is widely used. Orthodontists have reported that patients often complain of discomfort and abnormal sensations, including pain sensation, following the application of orthodontic forces [1]. The application of forces to achieve experimental tooth movement induced Fos protein immunoreactivity in the thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei 4 and in the central amygdale [4] [5] These structures are involved in the transmission and modulation of nociceptive information [6]. The use of NSAIDs is effective in the management of pain resulting from orthodontic treatment Studies show that these drugs reduce the number of bone resorption lacunae areas of compression teeth receiving orthodontic force application compared with rats that did not receive anti-inflammatory agents [11]. This study evaluated the effects of treatment with diclofenac sodium, a potent NSAID, in the activation of central amygdala and lateral hypothalamus neurons following experimental tooth movement
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
