Abstract
in modern times, youth violence and criminality have surged in developed and developing countries. it has heightened public anxiety about personal security and property protection. every year, 1.25 million individuals die as a result of violence-related injuries. violence stems from various conditions in young people's lives and early experiences that can have profound implications when they transition from childhood, a time of rapid development, ambiguity, exploration, and excitement. as a result, the rise in violence, particularly the growing engagement of the young in economic and social violence, whether as victims or offenders, has become a stark reality and a burden for social, moral, and economic domains
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