Abstract
BackgroundHydration status affects endurance performance. Pre-exercise hydration recommendations target the consumption of high carbohydrate and sodium beverages. Milk, due to its carbohydrate and sodium content, may be considered an effective pre-exercise hydration beverage.PurposeIn a randomized cross-over trial, we compared the effects of an isotonic sport drink (SPD) with skim milk (SM) consumption before a race, on fluid homeostasis and time-trial performance in road cyclists.MethodsMale road cyclists (n = 9; age, 26.8 ± 4.78 years) with 10.8 ± 8.56 years of experience in national competitions, consumed either SPD or SM in doses of 350 mL at 3 h and 350 mL at 1.5 h before a 18.6 km time-trial race. Measurements of body mass, urine specific gravity (USG), urine color and time-trial were compared between drinks (group; g) before and after the race (time; t).ResultsThe two-way ANOVA showed no differences between SPD and SM in body mass (t, p < 0.0001; g, p = 0.89; t × g, p = 0.54), USG (t, p = 0.01; g, p = 0.63; t × g, p = 0.29) and urine color (t, p = 0.01; g, p = 0.54; t × g, p = 0.28) before or after race. Furthermore, no differences on water consumption during the race (p = 0.55) or time-trial performance (p = 0.84) were observed between trials.ConclusionCurrent results may help athletes with different beverages preferences to increase their options of hydration strategies.
Highlights
The position statement of the American College of Sports Medicine on exercise and fluid replacement stated that a hypohydration greater than 2% of body mass impairs endurance exercise performance [1, 2]
The two-way ANOVA showed no differences between sport drink (SPD) and skim milk (SM) in body mass (t, p < 0.0001; g, p = 0.89; t × g, p = 0.54), urine specific gravity (USG) (t, p = 0.01; g, p = 0.63; t × g, p = 0.29) and urine color (t, p = 0.01; g, p = 0.54; t × g, p = 0.28) before or after race
Current results may help athletes with different beverages preferences to increase their options of hydration strategies
Summary
The position statement of the American College of Sports Medicine on exercise and fluid replacement stated that a hypohydration greater than 2% of body mass impairs endurance exercise performance [1, 2]. Hydration strategies during and after competition are fundamental to maintain exercise capacity and will contribute to optimal performance during competition, especially in long lasting endurance events [7]. Previous research involving pre-exercise consumption of chicken soup [9] and non-alcoholic beer [10] have shown improved fluid balance during exercise. Purpose: In a randomized cross-over trial, we compared the effects of an isotonic sport drink (SPD) with skim milk (SM) consumption before a race, on fluid homeostasis and time-trial performance in road cyclists
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