Abstract
The effects of SiO2 and Cr2O3 on the formation process of ZnO varistors were investigated. Prior to formation of the Zn2.33Sb0.67O4 spinel phase (Sp-phase), a spinel-like phase forms. However, this phase does not control the varistor microstructure. The Sp-phase and the Bi2O3-phase which were formed by the decomposition of the Bi2(Zn4/3Sb2/3)O6 pyrochlore phase played important parts in the control of the varistor microstructure. That is, the Bi2O3 phase produced in the reaction promotes the initial sintering of the varistor and the Sp-phase inhibits the ZnO grain growth. In this reaction, SiO2 and Cr2O3 play a role in decreasing the decomposition temperature of the pyrochlore phase. Decreasing the decomposition temperature below 900° C (where ZnO grain growth begins) leads to the inhibition of ZnO grain growth.
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