Abstract
Three-dimensional contrast source inversion-electrical properties tomography (3-D CSI-EPT) is an iterative reconstruction method that estimates the electrical properties of tissue from transmit field magnetic resonance data. However, in order to bring 3-D CSI-EPT into practice for complex tissue structures and to understand the origin and effect of errors, insight in the sensitivities of reconstruction accuracy to the major error-sources is necessary. In this paper, different strategies for implementing 3-D CSI-EPT, including their iterative structure, are presented, of which the regularized implementation shows the most potential to be used in practice. Moreover, the influence of initialization, noise, stopping criteria, incident fields, B1-maps, transceive phase and domain truncation are discussed. We show that of all these different error-sources, initialization, accurate coil models and domain truncation have the most dramatic effect on electrical properties reconstructions in practice.
Highlights
K NOWLEDGE about tissue electrical properties (EPs), consisting of the conductivity (σ) and the permittivity (ε), is essential for determining accurate specific absorption rate levels in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for patient-specific electromagnetic modeling that is performed prior to hyperthermia therapy treatment [1], [2]
The retrieval of EPs of biological tissue from measurements of magnetic fields generated by radiofrequency coils in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner is called electrical properties tomography (EPT) and is a topic that has gained
ERROR-SOURCES Due to the fact that T-CSI-cg and R-CSI show an overall superior EP map reconstruction, we focus on these methods in our error-source analysis
Summary
K NOWLEDGE about tissue electrical properties (EPs), consisting of the conductivity (σ) and the permittivity (ε), is essential for determining accurate specific absorption rate levels in MRI and for patient-specific electromagnetic modeling that is performed prior to hyperthermia therapy treatment [1], [2] These parameters have the potential to be used as biomarkers in clinical applications, since it is possible to differentiate between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes [3] and between benign and malignant breast lesions [4] based on the change in EPs. The retrieval of EPs of biological tissue from measurements of magnetic fields generated by radiofrequency coils in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner is called electrical properties tomography (EPT) and is a topic that has gained. Throughout this manuscript, the time factor convention exp (+jωt) is adopted
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