Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of short-term resistance training and two weeks of tapering on physical performances in handball players. Following a ten-week progressive resistance training program, subjects were divided between an experimental (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The experimental group completed a resistance training program, followed by a two-week period when the training intensity was tapered by 60%, while the control group maintained their typical pattern of training. Muscle power (force–velocity test and squat and counter-movement jump tests), sprinting ability (10m and 30m), ability to change direction (T-half test) and throwing velocity (a 3-step throw with a run, and a jump throw) were evaluated before training, at the end of training and after tapering. The experimental group showed significantly larger interaction effects for the 10-week training period (12/15, 80%), than for the following 2 weeks of tapering (10/15, 67%), with the largest gains being in 15 m sprint times (d = 3.78) and maximal muscular strength in the snatch (d = 3.48). Although the performance of the experimental group generally continued to increase over tapering, the mean effect size for the training period was markedly higher (d = 1.92, range: 0.95–3.78) than that seen during tapering (d = 1.02, range: -0.17–2.09). Nevertheless the ten weeks of progressive resistance training followed by two weeks of tapering was an effective overall tactic to increase muscle power, sprint performance and ball throwing velocity in handball players.
Highlights
The concept of a tapering of training was first introduced by Costill et al [1] for the optimal conditioning of competitive swimmers
The two groups were initially well matched in terms of physical characteristics
Compliance of the experimental group with the added training was high, each exercise session being completed with a high level of motivation and effort
Summary
The concept of a tapering of training was first introduced by Costill et al [1] for the optimal conditioning of competitive swimmers. Weightlifting training and tapering in male handball [6], with demonstrated improvements in physical performance or its physiological correlates [7,8,9,10]. The aim of tapering is to allay the adverse physiological and psychological stresses imposed by heavy daily training and to optimize competitive performance. Several studies have shown that a 2-week taper period [14,15,16] provides significant improvements in performance, whereas others have reported improvements over relatively short (28 days) [9]. Some studies have reduced training volume by as much as 85% [17], whereas others have shown similar improvements in performance after only a 31% decrease of training [14]
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