Abstract
Soil carbon (C) content plays an important role in maintaining or increasing soil quality and soil fertility. However, the impacts of different tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from paddy fields under the double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) system in southern China still need further study. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of different short-term (5-years) tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, SOC stock, and GHG emissions from paddy fields under the double-cropping rice system in southern China. The field experiment included four tillage treatments: rotary tillage with all crop residues removed as a control (RTO), conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), and no-tillage with crop residue retention (NT). These results indicated that SOC stock in paddy fields with CT, RT, and NT treatments increased by 4.64, 3.60, 3.50 Mg ha−1 and 4.68, 4.21, and 4.04 Mg ha−1 in 2019 and 2020, respectively, compared with RTO treatment. The results showed that early rice and late rice yield with CT treatment increased by 7.22% and 19.99% in 2019 and 6.19% and 6.40% in 2020, respectively, compared with RTO treatment. A two-year (2019–2020) investigation of GHG results indicated that methane emissions from paddy fields with NT treatment were decreased, but nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields were increased. The lowest mean global warming potential (GWP) and per yield GWP carbon dioxide were found with NT treatment, compared to RT and CT treatments. Therefore, it was a beneficial practice for maintaining SOC stock and decreasing GHG mitigation under the double-cropping rice system in southern China by applying no-tillage with crop residue retention management.
Highlights
Soil carbon (C) content plays an important role in maintaining or increasing soil quality and soil fertility
Soil bulk density (BD) of paddy fields with crop residue incorporation (CT), residue incorporation (RT), NT, and removed as a control (RTO) treatments ranged from 1.10 to 1.22 g cm−3, and this result showed that soil BD with NT treatment was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of CT and RT treatments in 2019 and 2020 (Table 1)
The soil organic carbon (SOC) content and SOC stock of paddy fields were obviously changed under shortterm (5-year) continuous crop residue incorporation conditions (Table 1). These results indicated that SOC content and SOC stock of paddy field with CT, RT, and NT treatments were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of RTO treatment, storing as much as 3.60 to
Summary
Soil carbon (C) content plays an important role in maintaining or increasing soil quality and soil fertility. A field experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of different short-term (5-years) tillage and crop residue incorporation managements on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, SOC stock, and GHG emissions from paddy fields under the double-cropping rice system in southern China. The lowest mean global warming potential (GWP) and per yield GWP carbon dioxide were found with NT treatment, compared to RT and CT treatments It was a beneficial practice for maintaining SOC stock and decreasing GHG mitigation under the double-cropping rice system in southern China by applying no-tillage with crop residue retention management. It has been confirmed that SOC content and its stock were increased by the combined application of tillage with crop residue incorporation management under published maps and institutional affiliations
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