Abstract
The present study evaluates the effects of short term (15 days) exposure of low dose (300 μg kg−1) of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) on antioxidant status and markers of liver and kidney damage in normal (nondiabetic) and diabetic male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into four groups: Group I as normal control, Group II as atrazine treated, Group III as diabetic control, and Group IV as atrazine treated diabetic rats. Atrazine administration resulted in increased MDA concentration as well as increased activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in both liver and kidney of atrazine treated and atrazine treated diabetic rats. However, GSH level was decreased in both liver and kidney of atrazine treated and atrazine treated diabetic rats. Atrazine administration led to significant increase in liver damage biomarkers such as AST, ALT, and ALP as well as kidney damage biomarkers such as creatinine and urea in both normal and diabetic rats, but this increase was more pronounced in diabetic rats when compared to normal rats. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that short term exposure of atrazine at a dose of 300 μg kg−1 could potentially induce oxidative damage in liver and kidney of both normal and diabetic rats.
Highlights
IntroductionNumerous environmental chemicals (ECs) affecting the endocrine activity in humans are included under endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls, bisphenol A, methoxychlor, and atrazine) [1, 2] which are hazardous to the reproductive health of fish and amphibians wild life
Numerous environmental chemicals (ECs) affecting the endocrine activity in humans are included under endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) [1, 2] which are hazardous to the reproductive health of fish and amphibians wild life
Atrazine administration resulted in increased body weight in all experimental rats during the experimental period
Summary
Numerous environmental chemicals (ECs) affecting the endocrine activity in humans are included under endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls, bisphenol A, methoxychlor, and atrazine) [1, 2] which are hazardous to the reproductive health of fish and amphibians wild life. Their impact on mammals, humans, is less clear [3]. Atrazine is resistant to degradation and has a half-life about 95–350 days [6]. The researchers around the globe are mainly concerned and interested to study the adverse effects of atrazine [7]
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