Effects of sense and functionality changes in the hands on activity and participation in patients with juvenile scleroderma

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of sense and functionality changes in the hands on activity and participation in patients with juvenile scleroderma (JS). Methods Sixteen patients with juvenile localized scleroderma (JLS), 14 patients with Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis (JSS), and 30 healthy controls were included. Light touch-deep pressure sensation was assessed by Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test (SWMT). Localization sensation testing was performed by lightly stroking the patient’s skin. The hand joint range of motion was measured with a goniometer, hand grip strength with Dynomometer, the pinch gripping force with pinch meter, and the hand mobility with modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma (mHAMIS). Children completed their activity and participant performance status with ‘Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ)’ and ‘Jebson Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT)’ questionnaire tests. The quality of life was evaluated using the ‘Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ)’. Results There were significantly differences among evaluated three groups in light of touch-deep pressure sensation, sense of touch localization, range of motion, mHAMIS scores, JTHFT scores, all CHAQ scores, and almost all SHAQ score (p < .05). Over than half of patients with JSS (57.1%) and almost half of patients with JLS stated that their diseases obstructed them from doing any activity (p < .001). A significant percent of JSS patients (64.3%) had hand and wrist joint involvement. Conclusion Sensory and functional disorders caused by hand involvement in JS patients result in limitation of daily living activities and affect negatively the effective usage of the hand. Approximately half of the JS patients had disabilities in performing pinch motor skills of hands. The assessment of sensory symptoms that affect the functionality, activity level and participation of JSS and JLS patients should be considered during the routine clinical examination. We suggest the sensory therapies as an important factor in increasing the effectiveness of rehabilitation.