Abstract
The effects of selenium (Se) as sodium selenite on chemical carcinogens introduced into animal, bacterial, and cell culture systems are described. Using the male Sprague-Dawley rat model, Se supplements to the drinking water decreased the colon tumor incidence in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats and Se reduced the total number of colon tumors in methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-treated rats. In other studies, Se inhibited 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3′MeDAB) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. The mutagenicity of AAF and AAF metabolites in Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 was decreased by Se. Additionally, it reduced N-hydroxy-AAF induction of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies in human whole blood cultures and Se reduced aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity using benzo[ a]pyrene (BP) as substrate. The individual and combined effects of supplementary Se in the drinking water, ascorbic acid (V c) in the diet, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in the diet in DMH induction of colon tumors are compared. The individual supplements of Se, V c and BHT reduced the colon tumor incidence. The combined supplement of Se + V c increased the incidence.
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