Abstract
The corpus luteum provides an outstanding model to study the regulation of angiogenic processes, which are critical for normal tissue growth, development, and function. After ovulation, the corpus luteum is built from avascular granulosa cells through rapid vascularisation. This process is regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF). Both, sprouting of endothelial and sprouting of granulosa cells are frequently observed during the formation of an active corpus luteum. Recent data demonstrate that angiogenesis in various tissues may be influenced by selenium and mistletoe extracts. In the present study, we investigated the effects of selenium and mistletoe extracts on mRNA levels of VEGF‐A and ANGPT2 by real-time PCR in human granulosa cells. In addition, the impact on sprout formation in a spheroid cell culture system was determined. Our experiments presented evidence that mistletoe extracts inhibit the expression of VEGF‐A in granulosa cells but ANGPT-2 and stimulation of granulosa cells with selenium inhibited the expression of ANGPT2.
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