Abstract
Application of plant growth regulators is one way to reduce the adverse effects of drought stress. To study the effect of different levels of deficit irrigation, salicylic acid priming and foliar application of brassinostroid on yield and physiological traits of fennel a split-factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 growing season in the Research Station of Bam Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran. Main factor included of three levels of irrigation (equivalent of 50 mm (Normal), 75 mm and 100 mm of accumulated evapotranspiration of class A pan evaporation. Sub-plots included: different levels of salicylic acid priming (1600 µmolar), no application of salicylic acid and 3 levels of brassinostroid including 0 (control), 10-8 and 10–7 molar. The studied traits included relative water content, chlorophyll a, b and total, carotenoid content, anthocyanin, soluble sugars, essential oil percentage and seed yield. Results showed that deficit irrigation decreased relative water content, chlorophyll content, carotenoid and seed yield and increased anthocyanin, soluble sugars and essential oil percent. Priming with salicylic acid and brassinosteroid application showed positive effects on most of the studied traits. The highest total chlorophyll content (1.54) and grain yield (1281 kg.ha-1) were observed in non-stress condition with salicylic acid priming. 10–7 and 10 –8 M brassinosteroids increased relative water content by 5.4% and 3.2%, respectively. Priming with salicylic acid at concentrations of 0, 10-8 and 10–7 M brassinosteroid increased the percentage of essential oil by 8, 24.4 and 13.6%, respectively. Also in drought stress levels 50, 75 and 100 mm, 4.5, 6.7 and 14% increase in soluble sugars were observed, respectively, by salicylic acid priming. According to the results of this study, it seems that salicylic acid priming and brassinostroid reduce some negative effects of drought stress.
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