Effects of salt stress on growth parameters of some (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties

I N Hajiyeva

doi:10.32634/0869-8155-2020-336-3-67-73

Abstract

Aim. The effect of various concentrations of sodium chloride on growth parameters, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the amount of photosynthetic pigments and total sugar beet proteins was studied. Methods. The objects of study were varieties of sugar beets Tarifa, Taltos and Cooper. Plants were grown in a controlled greenhouse for 60 days at different salinity levels (0.2 and 0.5% NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 ). The parameters of leaves and roots, the activity of catalase (CAT) and benzidyl-peroxidase (BPO), the content of photosynthetic pigments and total proteins during the growing season were determined. Results. Although leaf and root parameters were stimulated or not affected at low salinity, a higher salt concentration significantly reduced all signs of growth. At a high salinity level, the Tarifa variety had a significantly higher leaf area and root with compared to other varieties. In the variety Tarifa, the activity of CAT was higher than in other varieties, but the activity of BPO, the content of total protein and photosynthetic pigments was higher in the varieties Taltos and Cooper. The salinity of the medium reduced physiological and biochemical parameters in different varieties of sugar beets to varying degrees, and these features of the varieties should be taken into account in breeding work.

Highlights

It is known that in the world about 33 percent of irrigated lands are affected to salinization
In the variety Tarifa, the activity of CAT was higher than in other varieties, but the activity of BPO, the content of total protein and photosynthetic pigments was higher in the varieties Taltos and Cooper
Photosynthetic pigment systems and proteins localized in the leaves play a role in the diagnosis of plant resistance to salinity

Summary

Introduction

It is known that in the world about 33 percent of irrigated lands are affected to salinization. Many studies have shown that under physiological stress, the physiological growth of plant is disturbed due to inhibition of photosynthesis, nutrient deficiency or mineral toxicity. Plants have evolved various protective mechanisms to eliminate or reduce ROS, which are effective at different levels of stress-induced deterioration. When studying the effect of salinity on the content of photosynthetic pigments in four grape genotypes, it turned out that among them there are tolerant varieties to the action of salt [6]. Saline stress induces a decrease in dry weights of root and shoot and leaf area, but it had no effect on leaf water contents. Plant growth is reduced by salinity stress, plant species differ in their tolerance to salinity. Reduction of plant growth under saline conditions is a common phenomenon but such reduction occurs in various ways in different plant organs [7]

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Results

Conclusion