Abstract
The study was carried out to investigate the salinity tolerance and relative acute toxicity of copper sulphate (CuSO4) under fresh water in varying salinity level, against Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. A total of 280 fingerlings of O. niloticus (mean weight; 20 ± 4 g; 4-6 weeks old) were used as test animals in this study. The test compound used was copper as CuSO4.5H2O analar grade (molecular weight 249.68 g). The dose response data were analyzed by probit analysis. The results showed that on the basis of daily mortality assessment, O. niloticus were unable to survive in water with salinity above 22ppt within a 24hr period, but the fish survived well at lower salinities below 12ppt. Based on 96hr LC50 values, toxicity of CuSO4 against the fingerlings increased with increase or decrease in salinity except at 12ppt where the toxicity was minimal. The significance of this study is in setting ecologically sound, safe limits that are relevant for the prevailing two hydrological seasons in the tropics for the discharge of heavy metals into lagoons and the advantages of breeding O. niloticus under typical brackish water conditions, instead of freshwater. Keywords: Acute toxicity, Fingerlings, Copper sulphate, Oreochromis niloticus, Salinity
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