Abstract
Safety and health training is an essential tool to reduce occupational accidents and diseases. However, the method applied is critical for the effect of a training programme in Occupational Safety & Health (OSH) related outcomes. Additionally, studies about the appropriateness of OSH training methods involving small-sized enterprises are scarce. This study aims to compare the effect of two training methods when applied in metalworking small-sized enterprises: an active method, with group discussion, and an expository method, with formal exposure. The effect of these two methods was assessed at the level of risk perception (perceptions of susceptibility, severity, barriers and benefits), safety behaviour (safety compliance and safety participation) and OSH knowledge. A sample of 212 workers was divided in three groups: one experimental group and two control groups (passive and active). In order to evaluate the effect of safety and health training in the different dependent variables, a questionnaire was applied before and one month after the training sessions. The results showed that safety and health training had a positive, but limited, effect on the variables under study. Significant differences were found between both moments for perception of susceptibility and OSH knowledge. However, no significant differences between both training methods after the intervention were observed in this study.
Highlights
The rate of occupational accidents and diseases remains high, in particular in Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) (Cagno et al, 2011)
According to the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) measure the data was considered adequate for the analysis: KMO = 0.73 for risk perception scale and KMO = 0.74 for safety behaviour scale (Hair et al, 1995; Pestana & Gageiro, 2014)
For the safety behaviour scale, two factors were obtained from Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA), confirming the two dimensions proposed by Griffin & Neal (2000), which explained 56% of the total variance: safety compliance and safety participation
Summary
The rate of occupational accidents and diseases remains high, in particular in Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) (Cagno et al, 2011). Smaller sized businesses is particular critical in what regards to Occupational Safety & Health (OSH), since they face several constraints (see, e.g., Bonafede et al, 2016; Hasle et al, 2012; Masi & Cagno, 2015; Reinhold et al, 2015; Barbosa et al, 2019). In order to change this scenario, several studies attach importance to training in OSH (see, e.g., Burke & Sarpy, 2003; Burke et al, 2011; Jacinto et al, 2009; Robson et al, 2010; Stave & Törner, 2007). It is important to identify the determinants of behavioural change so that the applied method approaches them (Bryan et al, 2002)
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