Abstract
Royal jelly is natural bee product, traditionally used in medicine for antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibiotic and many other beneficial properties. The aim of this study was to determine biological effects of royal jelly samples originating from Serbia on normal human fibroblast (MRC-5) and colorectal cancer (HCT-116 and SW-480) cells. MTT cell viability assay was used to determine cytotoxic activity, and NBT test was used for determination of superoxide anion radical concentration. Parameters of cell energy status were determined using LDH and ATP colorimetric methods. Relative expression of mRNA of apoptosis and biotransformation genes was monitored by qPCR method. Royal jelly affected cell viability, caused oxidative stress appearance and elevated parameters of energy status in cancer cell lines. The relative expression of genes whose proteins are included in biotransformation of xenobiotics were changed with notable suppression of CYP1A1, while increased expression of apoptosis genes was noted in tested cell lines. Royal jelly demonstrated cell selective effect and could be prospective in anticancer therapy.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer is major public health problem and among the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer around the world, counting more than a million cases detected on an annual basis (NASRALLAH and EL-SIBAI, 2014)
Royal jelly originating from Serbia stimulates cells proliferation of all examined cell lines; at higher applied concentrations cytotoxic effects were evident in cancer cell lines
These cytotoxic effects were caused mainly by apoptosis, without necrotic effects, which was confirmed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration in cell culture medium
Summary
Colorectal cancer is major public health problem and among the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer around the world, counting more than a million cases detected on an annual basis (NASRALLAH and EL-SIBAI, 2014). Apoptosis is programmed cell death, an essential genetically controlled process, which regulates tissue homeostasis and elimination of genetically damaged cells. Tumor progression is result of successful avoidance of apoptosis, where altered expression of genes included in apoptotic pathway contribute to inhibition of cell death and enhance cell proliferation. Bcl-2 protein family is responsible for regulation of apoptosis, consisting of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and has been targeted for antitumor therapy (BAIG et al, 2016). This process is depended on energy (ELMORE, 2007). Modified energy status in cancer cells is characterized by elevated rate of aerobic glycolysis
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