Abstract
Fishing activity in the Amazon basin has been declining in regards to fish production and the diversity of the catch has been altered due to anthropic interferences due to hydro-electric dams built on the main rivers of this region. Data were collected regarding the landings of the fisheries together with the fishing colonies in the Guaporé River basin for the decade before and after 2009. This benchmark is important since it relates to the installation of two hydroelectric dams in the Madeira River in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. We recorded 37 groups of fish species belonging mainly to the orders Siluriformes and Characiformes, which together represented 86.39 % of fish landed. Of this total, 59.46 % showed significant differences in mean production before and after damming of the rivers in the state of Rondônia. The average fish landings between the two periods showed distinct linearities of growth (r² = 0.66) and decline (r² = 0.02) during the study period. The results showed variations in both fishing production and reorganization (trophic plasticity) in the fish diversity of the region.
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