Abstract
Objective. To study the effect of Rhizopus nigricans exopolysaccharide EPS1-1 on the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of EPS1-1. The effect of EPS1-1 on cell proliferation was tested by the CCK-8 experiment, and the effect of EPS1-1 on cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. And the scratch test was used to detect the impact of EPS1-1 on cell migration. Western blot then was used to measure the expression changes of related proteins in the Akt signaling pathway. Results. Compared with the control group, treatment with EPS1-1 significantly reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells and promoted the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In terms of the underlying mechanism, EPS1-1 can significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt at threonine 308 and serine 473 and cause the expression changes of downstream proliferation-related genes CCND1 and p21, apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax, and migration-related genes Vimentin and E-cadherin in terms of their protein levels. Conclusion. EPS1-1 can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer MCF-7 cells and promote the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by inhibiting the activation of the Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, EPS1-1 can be used as a potential new drug or adjuvant drug for the treatment of breast cancer.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women around the world [1]
EPS1-1 can significantly enhance the body immunity through cellular immunity and humoral immunity by increasing the activities of phagocytosis and acid phosphatase and the production of NO, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [11]. These results indicate that EPS1-1 may become a new drug or adjuvant drug for tumor chemotherapy
This study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of EPS1-1 as a new drug or auxiliary drug for the treatment of breast cancer
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women around the world [1]. A large number of cancer-related deaths are caused by BC [2]. Advanced strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and molecular targeted therapy have been widely used in BC treatment recent years, the prognosis of BC patients is still very poor [4]. Active polysaccharides have been widely studied and applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their therapeutic properties and small side effects. The antitumor activity [5], immunomodulatory activity [6], and antibacterial activity [7] of polysaccharides have been well studied and applied in the fields of biochemistry and medicine.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
