Abstract
ABSTRACT The development of urban areas exacerbates flood risk by increasing both runoff and the exposure of population and infrastructure. In this study, we highlight the importance of return period choice on flood hazard degree and flood hydraulics characteristics. We use the UFSC campus basin as a test bed and combine a hydrological and a hydrodynamic model to define the flood hazard intensity and flood hazard degree. Six hazard intensity maps were elaborated using different return periods (2, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 500-years) that characterize low and high recurrence scenarios. The low recurrence hazard map can be ideal to verify hazard effects on buildings, while the high recurrence hazard map helps to identify people security. All variables related to the rainfall effect and its consequences (e.g. rainfall intensity, flood mean velocity, and total flood area) follow a logarithmic relationship, with a small variation for higher return periods. We highlight how different return periods can influence flood hydraulics and flood hazard and should therefore be considered in flood hazard mapping.
Highlights
Negative consequences of flood in society have been intensified in recent decades (Najibi & Devineni, 2018), which has lead most nations as well as the UN to execute various actions to reduce them
Note that OF value can be smaller than the time step since we have a continuous function to represent the unit hydrograph
To estimate the unit hydrograph, we used the constant m value for all sub-basins, but we varied the tp based on Equations 8 and 9 for each sub-basin
Summary
Negative consequences of flood in society have been intensified in recent decades (Najibi & Devineni, 2018), which has lead most nations as well as the UN to execute various actions to reduce them. The development and concentration of population in urban areas intensify exposure and increase the risk related to flood. In developing countries like Brazil, inadequate urbanization or non-planned occupation of urban areas is one of the main factors that increases urban flood damages (Monteiro & Kobiyama, 2013; Speckhann et al, 2017). Detailed flood hazard mapping is one alternative to improve management of the situation with increased exposure and vulnerability. The flood intensity is related to the flow force that can untabify people, vehicles, and infrastructure. To map flood hazard areas with more details in terms of the flood intensity and frequency, the use of hazard indexes or category that consider water depth and velocity (e.g., Stephenson, 2002; Smith et al, 2014) are useful and practical
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