Effects of Rest and Exercise on Cardiac Blood Volume Determinations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in blood activity during rest, exercise and recovery, and to assess its influence on left ventricular (LV) volume determination using the count-based method requiring blood sampling. Forty-four patients underwent rest-stress radionuclide ventriculography; Tc-99m-human serum albumin was used in 13 patients (Group I), red blood cells was labeled using Tc-99m in 17 patients (Group II) in vivo, and in 14 patients (Group Ill) by modified in vivo/in vitro method. LV volumes were determined by a count-based method using corrected count rate in blood samples obtained during rest, peak exercise and after recovery. In group I at stress, the blood activity decreased by 12.6 +/- 5.4%, p < 0.05, as compared to the rest level, and increased by 25.1 +/- 6.4%, p <0.001, and 12.8 +/- 4.5%, p < 0.05, above the resting level in group II and III, respectively. This had profound effects on LV volume determinations if only one rest blood aliquot was used: during exercise, the LV volumes significantly decreased by 22.1 +/- 9.6%, p < 0.05, in group I, whereas in groups II and III it was significantly overestimated by 32.1 +/- 10.3%, p < 0.001, and 10.7 +/- 6.4%, p < 0.05, respectively. The changes in blood activity between stress and recovery were not significantly different for any of the groups. The use of only a single blood sample as volume aliquot at rest in rest-stress studies leads to erroneous estimation of cardiac volumes due to significant changes in blood radioactivity during exercise and recovery.